Organization of American Historians
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Handout 3: How to Study Photographs

Reprinted from the OAH Magazine of History
16 (Winter 2002). ISSN 0882-228X
Copyright (c) 2002, Organization of American Historians
 

1. Examine photographs with care. They reflect a point of view, may be staged, and should be used in conjunction with other evidence. "Read" them from left to right like reading a book.

2. Photographs freeze events in time, evoking memories. Some questions to ask:

  1. What details provide clues about what is happening? Who might the people be?
  2. Do details reveal a date or location?
  3. What conclusions could you draw from the people, the location, the building, etc.?
  4. Can a relative identify the people, place, event?

3. Jot down evidence in the photographs that provides clues. Notice:

  1. Means of transportation
  2. Geography
  3. Lighting fixtures
  4. Clothing
  5. Furniture
  6. Architectural styles
  7. Setting/location

4. Consider the photographer's point of view or his/her purpose for taking the picture. Could that affect the picture? Why or why not?