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Vocabulary: Spanish BorderlandsReprinted from the OAH Magazine of History
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Archaeologist: A social scientist who excavates and studies artifacts and material remains in order to trace human behavior through time. Archaeological Site: A place of archaeological interest. Assimilation: The process by which a group of people are forced to change who they are to fit in to the more dominant culture. Conquest: The act of acquiring land, resources, and peoples by force. Conquistador: Spaniards who explored and conquered vast areas of the Americas for Spain in the early 1500s. Excavation: An archaeological site dug for closer study. Friar: A Spanish priest from a religious order, some of whom do missionary work. Hispanic: Related to Spain or Latin America through heredity, language, or culture. Kiva: A ceremonial Pueblo religious chamber (usually underground). Mission: A church complex used by missionaries to teach non-Christians the Christian ways of life, language, and religion. Nomadic: Having no permanent home but following a seasonal migration. Pueblo: The name that the Spanish explorers gave to the native people of the Southwest who were living in more than sixty towns at the time of Spanish contact. Today there are nineteen Pueblo communities in New Mexico. Also, the Spanish word for village or town. Sedentary: A settled lifestyle; having a permanent home. Santa Fe Trail: A trail nearly nine hundred miles long that stretched from central Missouri through the Great Plains to Santa Fe, New Mexico. Merging three cultures (Anglo pioneers, Spanish farmers, and Native Americans), the trail served as a major trade route between Mexico and the United States from 1821 to 1880. Sherds (or shards): Pieces or fragments of a brittle substance (such as glass or pottery). Stratigraphy: The archaeological excavation process of digging in layers. |
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